FAQ – Relay

It will not damage the relay, but the coil will affect functioning of relay depending upon the type of coil. If it is single-side stable coil relays then there is change, contact will not move but in case of single latching coil relay the SET and RESET function will be reversed. Whereas in double latching coil relays, it may malfunction or stop operating depending on the relay SET or RESET factory configuration. Whatever the situation the Latching relay should not be used in reversed polarity but as per instruction given in specification sheet.

Basically, used for those relays are manufactured for ultrasonic cleaning. However, standard relays are not designed for ultrasonic cleaning can damage relay coil or affect the performance of relay contacts operations which can lead to malfunction.

Yes, we have PCB, DIN and with wire Harness relay sockets.

When the coil voltage is increased gradually from 0V, relay will operate at a certain voltage level or value. This value is called the Pick-up voltage. The Pick-up voltage in the Datasheet shows the maximum value. In case of latching relay, the Pick -up voltage is called the Set Voltage.

When the coil voltage on an operate relay is decreased gradually, the relay will release at a certain voltage. This voltage is called the Drop -out voltage. Individual specification sheet shows the minimum value. Where In case of latching relay, the Drop-out voltage is called the Reset voltage, when the reverse voltage is increased on the coil of operate relay, the voltage which the relay will release.

The value of power used or consumed by the coil at Pick-up voltage, measured in watt (for DC coil).

It is the number of contact circuits, such as two poles or four poles.

There could be many reasons for it as follows:

• No proper coil voltage applied to relay coil as per mentioned in relay specification sheet.
• Coil disconnected internally- applying overvoltage or mishandling of relay may damage the coil internally, hence disconnecting.

The contact configuration is called the contact mechanism and standard descriptions of Normally Open, (NO) and Normally Closed, (NC) used to describe how the relays contacts are connected. Electromechanical relays are made up of one or more individual switches with each "Switch" being referred to as a Pole. The Poles can be connected or "Thrown" together by energizing the relays coil which gives rise to the description of the contact types as:

• SPST: Single Pole Single Throw (1Form A / B or 1A / 1B)
• SPDT: Single Pole Double Throw (1Form C or 1C)
• DPST: Double Pole Single Throw (2Form A / B or 2A / 2B)
• DPDT: Double Pole Double Throw (2Form C or 2C)
• 3PDT: Triple Pole Double Throw (3From C or 3C)
• 4PDT: Four or Quad Pole Double Throw (4 Form C or 4C)…etc.

Relay Contacts Configurations

It is the maximum current that can be switched by the contacts. Relays cannot be used if this value is exceeded or it will damage the relay contact. In general application, this voltage value shall not be surpassed, or the relay endurance will be reduced.

Abnormal heat is generated when there is contact chattering and arcing continues between contacts. If the fluctuation in the voltage applied to the coil is large, the cause may be that the Relay contacts are frequently switched.

If rated load capacity exceeds, the connected load across contact will generate arc-heat, which will melt the contacts.

The Operate time (Pull-in or Pick-Up time) refers to the relay in the released state, the time from the initial application of rated voltage to the coil, until the time when contacts make operation. Normally operate time expressed in millisecond (ms).

Release time means the time from when rated voltage is removed from the coil of relay, till Contact breaks the operation (1 Form A).

Relay with latching construction, maintains the relay’s set (ON) or reset (OFF) state by the Input Pulse voltage. This relay maintains its set or reset condition until it receives opposite polarity input Pulse, pushing the switch back to the other contact terminal or making load ON or OFF and vice versa.

There are also two types of coils: 1) Single-Coil, 2) Double-coil type.
Single Coil latching type: With one coil, the relay is set or reset by applying signals of opposite polarity.

Double Coil latching type: Relay with a latching construction composed of 2 coils, set coil and reset coil. The relay is set or reset by alternately applying pulse signals of the same polarity.

The type of load and its inrush current characteristics, together with the switching frequency, are important factors which cause contact welding. Particularly for loads with inrush currents, measure the steady state and in rush current then select a relay which provides an ample margin of safety.Below table shows the relationship between typical loads and their inrush currents.

Solid State Relays use semiconductors for Input and Output (load) for operation. An electromechanical relay uses a physical mechanical moving part to complete the circuit. There is not much difference between solid state relay and electro-mechanical relay, they are fundamentally similar. The movement in contacts happen through electromagnetic forces generated by applied input signal to coil, allowing the completion of the circuit by means of making contacts. Whereas SSR consists no moving parts but instead uses the electronic parts with optical properties of solid-state semiconductors to perform its input to output switching functions. Solid state relays are designed to switch both AC or DC loads by using SCR, TRIAC, or transistor.

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